Kuehne + Nagel International AG (or Kühne + Nagel) is a global transportation and logistics company based in Schindellegi, Switzerland. It was founded in 1890, in Bremen, Germany, by August Kühne and Friedrich Nagel. It provides sea freight and airfreight forwarding, contract logistics, and overland businesses with a focus on providing IT-based logistics solutions. In 2010, Kuehne + Nagel was the leading global freight forwarder, accounting for nearly 10% of the world's air and sea freight business by revenue, ahead of DHL Global Forwarding, DB Schenker Logistics, and Panalpina. As of 2012, it has more than 1,000 offices in over 100 countries, with over 63,000 employees.
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History
Early years and evolution: 1890 - 1950s
The origins of Kuehne + Nagel was in 1890, when August Kühne and Friedrich Nagel founded a forwarding commission agency in Bremen, Germany. It initially used to concentrate on cotton and consolidated freight. Later in 1902, it expanded its operations to the German seaport city of Hamburg.
In 1907, the co-founder Friedrich Nagel died, and August Kühne took over his shares in the company. The legacy of Nagel still lives on, in the company's name - Kuehne + Nagel (KN). The First World War greatly affected its businesses.
Upon Kühne's death in 1932, his sons - Alfred and Werner - became partners in the firm. Adolf Maass (1875 - probably early in 1945 in Auschwitz concentration camp), who was Jewish, a partner, and the firm's largest shareholder with a 45% stake, was forced out in April 1933. On the 1st of May 1933 Alfred and Werner Kühne joined the Nazi Party, and under the brothers' management the firm played a prominent role in the transport of property seized from Jews in occupied territories.
Transition to a Swiss holding co., and expansion: 1950s - 1990s
In the early 1950s, Alfred Kühne initiated the company's international expansion; and KN expanded its operations into Canada, with the opening of branch offices in Toronto and Montreal. In 1963, KN took a controlling stake in Athens based Proodos S.A, and also expanded into Italy. In 1975, the company adopted a holding company structure, with the formation of Kuehne + Nagel International AG based in Schindellegi, Switzerland, as the ultimate holding company.
In the mid-1960s, a third-generation member of the Kühne family, Klaus-Michael Kühne joined his father Alfred Kühne as a junior partner, having completed an apprenticeship in banking. In 1966, at the age of 30, he joined the management team as executive chairman; and spearheaded KN's future expansions, particularly its European and the Far Eastern operations.
In 1981, Alfred Kühne died; and in July the same year, due to the losses sustained by the Kühne family in attempting to expand its shipping fleet, a 50% stake in KN was sold to the British conglomerate Lonrho Plc for 90 million DM. Following the purchase, Klaus-Michael Kühne and Lonrho's head, Roland "Tiny" Rowland acted as joint chief executives of the combined organisation. KN further expanded with its acquisition of freight companies: Domenichelli SpA (Italy), Van Vliet BV (Netherlands), Hollis Transport Group Ltd. (UK), Transportes Tres (Spain), and other acquisitions in Denmark, Norway, and Sweden.
Further expansion: 1990s - present
The 1990 German reunification was an important event for many German companies, including KN; and provided them the necessary impetus to expand further. After the reunification, KN integrated its network in the former German Democratic Republic, and consolidated its operations. In 1992, it bought back Lonrho plc's 50% stake in the company; and went public in May 1994. It was listed on the Zurich and Frankfurt exchanges, which provided a platform for further exchange-based acquisitions. The same year, KN established a Russian subsidiary; and pushed ahead into Norway, Sweden, and Denmark.
In the mid 1990s, strategic focus given to expand the lucrative logistics-related contracts / operations paid off - one being with DuPont in which KN would operate the chemical giant's leveraged distribution activities in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa. In July 1999, Kühne handed over the post of CEO to Klaus Herms, and continued as the executive chairman and president of the board.
In the early 2000s, KN got a foothold in the Asia Pacific contract logistics market, when it forged a strategic alliance with Singapore-based SembCorp Logistics. In 2001, it acquired USCO Logistics Inc. - a warehouse-based logistics service provider based in Hamden, Connecticut, for US$300 million. KN and SembCorp chose to follow different strategic paths in 2004, and ended their strategic partnership.
In October 2007, the board of KN appointed Reinhard Lange as the successor to CEO Klaus Herms, effective June 2009 to ensure a smooth handover. The succession plan was similar to the SAP's 2007 CEO transition plan from Henning Kagermann to Léo Apotheker, which received praise in the media.
In 2012, Kuehne + Nagel acquired the business contracts of Canada's Perishables International Transportation (PIT) to expand into global fresh and frozen foods network.
In September 2013, Kuehne + Nagel agreed to merge its railfreight business with VTG to form VTG Rail Logistics, which would be Europe's largest private railfreight business when it starts operations in 2014.
In April 2014, Kuehne + Nagel International was fined $3.1 million for its part in a freight forwarding cartel case brought by the Commerce Commission. Kuehne + Nagel was the last defendant in the seven-year investigation involving six firms, who referred to themselves as the "Gardening Club" and used horticultural code to discuss anti-competitive practices among them. The regulator's investigation uncovered emails that referred to agreed surcharges as "the new price for asparagus for the forthcoming season" or "the price of marrows".
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Organization
The group employs approximately 66,000 people in 1000 offices in more than 100 countries and has approximately 7 million sqm of warehouse space under management. It is organised in the following seven geographical divisions:
- Eastern Europe (based in Vienna, Austria)
- Western Europe (based in Hamburg, Germany)
- Middle East and Africa (based in Dubai, United Arab Emirates)
- North America (based in Jersey City, New Jersey, United States)
- Central & South America (based in Santiago de Chile, Chile)
- North Asia Pacific (based in Shanghai, China)
- South Asia Pacific (based in Singapore)
Operations
It is divided into the following operating segments:
- Seafreight
- Airfreight
- Road & Rail Logistics
- Contract Logistics
- Integrated Logistics / Lead Logistics
- Real Estate
- Insurance Brokers
Services and solutions
It provides sea freight and airfreight forwarding, contract logistics and overland businesses; with a focus on providing IT-based logistics solutions.
Its freight forwarding (sea / air) services, include the necessary arrangement for the transportation of goods by road and rail. Its contract logistics unit offers warehousing and distribution services.
KN Lead Logistics Solutions includes 4PL Management, Supplier & Inventory Management, Aftermarket Management and Supply Chain Technology. KN Lead Logistics Solutions acts as the single point of contact with full operational responsibility with focus on supply-chain integration.
Kuehne + Nagel's solutions extend to the world's largest industries including: aerospace, automotive, fast-moving consumer goods, high-tech & consumer electronics, industrial goods, oil & gas, retail, pharma & healthcare.
Leadership
Chairman of the Board
- Karll Gernandt
- Klaus-Michael Kühne (Honorary Chairman)
- Alisten D'silva
- Francis Joseph Sandanam Jesthus Selvaraj
Corporate governance
Previous Chief Executive Officers
- Klaus-Michael Kühne - CEO, 1966 to 1999
- Klaus Herms - CEO, 1999 to 2009
- Reinhard Lange - CEO, 2009 to 2013
Current corporate governance:
- Dr. Detlef Trefzger - CEO, since 2013
- Markus Blanka-Graff - CFO, since 2014
- Lothar Harings - Company Secretary, since 2010
- Martin Kolbe - CIO, since 2005
- Otto Schacht - EVP Seafreight, since 2011
- Tim Scharwath - EVP Airfreight, since 2011
- Stefan Paul - EVP Road & Rail
- John Hextall - President and CEO of North America Region, since 2010
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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